Basic characteristics of crystalline state - periodic crystals. Congruence and enantiomorphology. Symmetry elements: inversion centre, symmetry axes (axes of rotational symmetry, axes of rototranslation or screw axes, axes of inversion, axes of rotoreflection), reflection planes (glide planes). Crystal lattices - primitive and centred. Rational properties of lattices, crystallographic directions and planes (Miller indices), symmetry restrictions due to the lattice periodicity and vice versa. Point groups. The Neumann principle. The Laue classes. Crystal systems. The Bravais lattices (2D and 3D). Space groups (description and derivation of a few in accordance with the International tables for crystallography). Crystal morphology - crystal forms. The space group matrices. Crystal optics. The law of reflection and the law of refraction. Birefringence. Optically isotropic and anisotropic substances. Optical indicatrixes. Uniaxial and biaxial crystals. Polarizing microscope.
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- OBVEZNA LITERATURA:
C. Giacovazzo: Fundamentals of Crystallography, 3rd editon, Oxford University Press, 2012
Walter Borchardt-Ott: Crystallography, An introduction, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2012, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-16452-1
Lj. Barić: Mikrofiziografija petrogenih minerala, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1967.
J. P. Glusker, M. Lewis, M. Rossi: Crystal Structure Analysis for Chemists and Biologists, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1994.
R.E. Stoiber, S.A. Morse: Crystal Identification with Polarizing Microscope, Chapman and Hall, New York 1994.
W.D. Nesse: Introduction to Optical Mineralogy, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991.
- DOPUNSKA LITERATURA:
revijalni članci i znanstvene monografije
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